Colon surgery requires general anesthesia - as to the specific anesthetic agents you will have to speak with you anesthesiologist. However biopsies can also be taken by endoscopy which does not require general anesthesia this is the difference between the biopsy being performed via a colonoscope versus full this thickness a full thickness biopsy which which will have to be done transabdominally.

There are options. Most often for the colon surgery used general anesthesia, sometimes with the regional block, such as TAP block, that is a transversus abdominal plane block. The other options would be epidural or spinal neuraxial anesthesia.

It depends on your Dr's preferences, your medical history and what your
insurance will pay for.

Usually for colonoscopies, the anesthesia is something short acting like fentanyl or versed, which will be up to the gastroenterologist who is doing the procedure. you will not have a tube down your throat breathing for you but there will be a nurse there to monitor your breathing while you're in the procedure. If you would like exact details, best to ask the gastroenterologist that will be doing the procedure. Hope that helps.

Either propanol or conscious sedation with Fentanyl and Versed

General anesthesia is used for bowel surgery.

Normally, GETA.